Whiplash can occur from any sudden change in movement of the neck and head, whether it be from quick acceleration or deceleration. It is most often associated with motor vehicle accidents (MVA), but research has shown that it does not take significant forces to cause whiplash. It can also occur from a fall, being pushed, or being hit in the head/neck. These forces cause our neck to be stretched past its available range, which leads to damage of the cervical soft tissue. Symptoms secondary to whiplash are not alway felt immediately. They can occur days, weeks or even months after the initial incident, and can range in severity. Because of the damage caused by these injuries, and the healing nature of the various tissues involved, it may take a considerable time to heal.
The pain that is caused by the injury often leads to muscle inhibition (weakness) of the deeper muscles that stabilize the spine, which causes the superficial muscles to increase tone leading to muscular spasms. Stiffness, decreased range of motion, headaches, and dizziness can all be sequelaes of whiplash injuries. These symptoms can extend into the thoracic spine and shoulders. For these reasons, it is important to seek care immediately to reduce inflammation and muscle spasms, to prevent significant inhibition of the deep spinal stabilizers, and to be educated on spinal care to prevent further exacerbation. If you have not seen a physician first, it may be necessary to refer to one for further assessment using medical imaging following a MVA.
Our therapists at Portland Physical Therapy perform a comprehensive evaluation to determine which tissues are involved, and to what extent. This will guide their decisions when formulating a rehabilitation plan that is discussed in detail with each patient. The therapies offered will assist in the healing process, and the education component will help prevent repeated symptom exacerbation.
